TRABALHO E PROTEÇÃO SOCIAL NA ERA DA ECONOMIA DIGITAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v36i0.36205Palabras clave:
Mudanças tecnológicas, Economia digital, Reconfiguração das relações de emprego, Desigualdades, Alternativas de proteção socialResumen
Este artigo destaca a importância de se repensar os vínculos entre trabalho e proteção social no atual contexto de intensas transformações produtivas e de liberalização das economias políticas. Além de discutir os efeitos adversos gerados pelas mudanças tecnológicas nas relações de trabalho, com o consequente crescimento global do fenômeno da polarização do emprego e da renda, o objetivo deste artigo é apontar os limites e possibilidades das atuais alternativas de proteção social que buscam responder a esse fenômeno. Em diálogo com a literatura sobre o futuro do trabalho e do Estado de Bem-Estar numa era de incertezas e diversificação dos riscos sociais, conclui-se que uma alternativa realista de política social para a era da economia digital seria proteger as transições ocupacionais dos indivíduos, combinando políticas de educação, renda e emprego, com destaque para as políticas ativas de treinamento vocacional, com as tradicionais medidas contributivas.
Descargas
Citas
ARMINGEON, K.; BONOLI, G. The politics of post-industrial welfare states: adapting post-war social policies to new social risks. London/New York: Routledge, 2006.
AUTOR, D.; DORN, D. The Growth of Low Skill Service Jobs and the Polarization of the US Labor Market. American Economic Review, v. 103, n. 5, p. 1553-1597, 2013.
AUTOR, D. Why are There Still so Many Jobs? The History and Future of Workplace Automation. Journal of Economic Perspectives, v. 29, n. 3, p. 3-30, 2015.
BONOLI, G. The Political Economy of Active Labor-Market Policy. Politics & Society, v. 38, n. 4, p. 435-457, 2010.
BONOLI, G. The origins of active social policy: labour market and childcare policies in a comparative perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. 219p.
CASTEL, R. As metamorfoses da questão social. Uma crônica do salário. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1998. 611p.
CASILLI, A.; POSADA, J. The platformization of labor and society. In: GRAHAM, M; DUTTON, W. H. (eds.). Society and the internet. How networks of information and communication are changing our lives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019. p. 293-306.
COLIN, N.; PALIER, B. The Next Safety Net. Social Policy for a Digital Age. Foreign Affairs, v. 94, n. 4, p. 29-33. jul./aug., 2015.
DEAN, H. The Ethics of Welfare-to-Work. Policy and Politics, v. 35, n. 4, p.573-589, 2007.
DE VRIES, C. E.; TAVITS, M.; SOLAZ, H. Economic hardship, rightwing authoritarianism and the demand for socially conservative policies. 2017. Disponível em: http://catherinedevries.eu/EconomicGrievancesRiseAuthoritarianism2.pdf Acesso em: 11 fev. 2020.
» http://catherinedevries.eu/EconomicGrievancesRiseAuthoritarianism2.pdf
DUBET, F. Le places et les chances: repenser la justice sociale. Paris: Seuil, 2010. 119p.
EMMENEGGER, P. et al. The age of dualization: the changing face of inequality in deindustrializing societies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
ESPING-ANDERSEN, G. The three worlds of welfare capitalism. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. 256p.
ESPING-ANDERSEN, G. Social foundations of postindustrial economies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. 224p.
ESPING-ANDERSEN, G. Equality with a Happy Bourgeoisie. The Social Democratic Road to Equality. 2013. Disponível em: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/8295865/equality-with-a-happy-bourgoisie-universitat-pompeu-fabra Acesso em: 15 jan. 2020.
EVANS, P. The developmental state: divergent responses to modern economic theory and the twenty-first-century economy. In: WILLIANS, M. (ed.). The end of the developmental state? London: Routledge, 2014. p. 220-240.
FERRERA, M.; HEMERIJCK, A. Recalibrating Europe’s welfare regimes. In: ZEITLIN, J.; TRUBEK, D.M. (orgs.). Governing work and welfare in the new economy. European and American experiments. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. p. 88-128.
FORD, M. Rise of the robots: technology and the threat of a jobless future. New York: Basic Books, 2015. 334p.
GOOS, M.; MANNING, A.; SALOMONS, A. Explaining Job Polarization: routine biased technological change and offshoring. The American Economic Review, v. 104, n. 8, p. 2509-2526, 2014.
GOUGH, I. Universal Basic Services: A Theoretical and Moral Framework. The Political Quarterly, v. 90, p. 534-542, 2019.
HALL, P.; SOSKICE, D. An introduction to varieties of capitalism. In: HALL, P.; SOSKICE, D. (eds.). Varieties of capitalism: the institutional foundations of comparative advantage. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. p. 1-70.
HECHMAN, J; LOCHNER, L. Rethinking education and training policy: understanding the sources of skill formation in a modern economy. In: DANZIGER, S.; WALDVOGEL, J. (orgs.). Securing the future: investing in children from birth to college. New York: Russell Sage, 2000. p. 47-86.
HINRICHS, K.; JESSOULA, M. Labour market flexibility and pension reforms: what prospects for security in old age? In: HINRICHS, K.; JESSOULA, M. (orgs.). Labour market flexibility and pension reforms. Flexible today, secure tomorrow? London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. p. 1-28.
HIRSCHMAN, A. O. The rhetoric of reaction: perversity, futility, jeopardy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1991. 206p.
IVERSEN, T.; SOSKICE, D. An Asset Theory of Social Policy Preferences. American Political Science Review, v. 95, n. 4, p. 875-893, 2001.
KORPI, W.; PALME, J. The Paradox of Redistribution and Strategies of Equality: Welfare State Institutions, Inequality, and Poverty in the Western Countries, American Sociological Review, v. 63, n. 5, p. 661-687, 1998.
KURER, T.; GALLEGO, A. Distributional Consequences of Technological Change: worker-level evidence. Research and Politics, v. 6, n. 1, p. 1-9. jan./mar., 2019.
KURER, T.; PALIER, B. Shrinking and Shouting: the political revolt of the declining middle in times of employment polarization. Research and Politics, v. 6, n. 1, p. 1-6. jan./mar., 2019.
MARSHALL, T. H. Cidadania, classe social e status. 1. ed. [1950]. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 1967. 220p.
MAZZUCATO, M. The entrepreneurial State: debunking public vs. private sector myths. Anthem Press: London, 2013. 237p.
MEYER, B; BIEGERT, T. The Conditional Effect of Technological Change on Collective Bargaining Coverage. Research and Politics, v. 6, n. 1, p. 1-9, jan./mar., 2019.
MILANOVIC, B. The Clash of Capitalisms. The Real Fight for the Global Economy’s Future. Foreign Affairs, v. 99, n. 1, p. 10-21, jan./feb., 2020.
MOREL, N; PALIER, B.; PALME, J. What future for social investment? Research report. Institute for Futures Studies. 2009. Disponível em: https://www.iffs.se/media/1705/what-f.pdf Acesso em: 12 fev. 2020.
» https://www.iffs.se/media/1705/what-f.pdf
NELSON, M. State of the art: reconciling work and welfare in Europe. Neujobs State of the Art Report. 2012. Disponível em: http://cps.ceu.edu/article/2012-04-23/reconciling-work-and-welfare-europe Acesso em: 12 fev. 2020.
» http://cps.ceu.edu/article/2012-04-23/reconciling-work-and-welfare-europe
PALIER, B.; THELEN, K. Institutionalizing Dualism: complementarities and change in France and Germany. Politics & Society, v. 38, n. 1, p. 119-148, 2010.
PIKETTY, T. Capital e ideologia. Rio de Janeiro: Intrínseca, 2020. 1056p.
POLANYI, K. A grande transformação. As origens da nossa época. 1. ed. [1944]. Rio de Janeiro: Campus, 2000. 349p.
SCHUMPETER, J. A. Capitalismo, socialismo e democracia. 1. ed. [1943]. São Paulo: Editora UNESP, 2017. 584p.
SCHWAB, K. The fourth industrial revolution. Geneva: World Economic Forum, 2016. 172p.
SUPIOT, A. Critique du droit du travail. Paris: PUF, 1994. 341p.
SWENSON, P. A. Capitalists against markets: the making of labour markets and welfare states in the United States and Sweden. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. 452p.
TAYLOR-GOOBY, P. New risks, new welfare: the transformation of the European welfare state. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 263p.
THELEN, K. How institutions evolve: the political economy of skills in Germany, Britain, the United States and Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 353p.
THEWISSEN, S.; RUEDA, D. Automation and the Welfare State: technological change as a determinant of redistribution preferences. Comparative Political Studies, v. 52, n. 2, p. 171-208, 2017.
VAN PARIJS, P. Real freedom for all: what (if anything) can justify capitalism? Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. 344p.
VIEBROCK, E.; CLASEN, J. Flexicurity and Welfare Reform: a review. Socio-Economic Review, v. 7, n. 2, p. 305-331, 2009.
WALTER, S. Globalization and the Demand-Side of Politics: how globalization shapes labor market risk perceptions and policy preferences. Political Science Research and Methods, v. 5, n. 1, p. 55-80, 2017.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Caderno CRH
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Todo o conteúdo da revista, exceto onde indicado de outra forma, é licenciado sob uma atribuição do tipo Creative Commons BY.
O periódico Caderno CRH on-line é aberto e gratuito.
