DOMINAÇÃO SEM HEGEMONIA E OS LIMITES DO PODER MUNDIAL DOS ESTADOS UNIDOS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v35i0.49138Palavras-chave:
Trump, Biden, Hegemonia, Guerra, Política Externa dos Estados UnidosResumo
Muitas análises apontam para o comportamento de Trump no cenário mundial – intimidação e extorsão que mais lembram a um mafioso que a um estadista – como falha de caráter pessoal. Embora esse comportamento tenha sido chocante na sua falta de polidez, Trump marca o culminar de uma tendência de décadas que transformou a política externa dos EUA de um regime de “proteção legítima” em meados do século XX num “esquema extorsivo de proteção” na virada do século XXI. Embora os temperamentos de sucessivos presidentes tenham sido importantes, os problemas enfrentados pelos EUA e seu papel no mundo não são atribuíveis a personalidades, mas são fundamentalmente estruturais, majoritariamente decorrentes das contradições de suas tentativas de se agarrar à sua preeminência diante das transformações na distribuição global de poder. A incapacidade de seus sucessivos governos – incluindo Trump e Biden – de romper com a mentalidade de primazia dos EUA resultou numa situação de “dominação sem hegemonia”, na qual desempenham papel cada vez mais disfuncional no mundo. Essa dinâmica mergulhou o mundo num período de caos sistêmico análogo à primeira metade do século XX.
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