Vaccine Hesitancy and Associated Factors in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9771/cp.v16i2.50880

Keywords:

SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination, Vaccine hesitancy.

Abstract

COVID-19 has been spread worldwide and the main strategy to control the disease has been the immunization of the population. However, hesitancy on the part of the population to receive the immunizer hinders this process. The aim of this study was to gather evidence related to vaccine hesitancy against COVID-19 and its associated factors in Brazil. A literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA method, with a systematic search of studies in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, and Portal de Periódicos Capes databases. Also, a descriptive analysis of the data was performed with the help of the Rayyan platform. The search resulted in 11 full articles, with an average rate of approximately 11% vaccine hesitancy in the study population. Factors mainly associated with socioeconomic issues and being exposed to less reliable sources of information were observed. It is necessary to combat the dissemination of misinformation as an important public health strategy.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Emanuel Sinério Ferreira Leite, Federal University of São Francisco Valley

Pharmacist, B.S. in Pharmacy from the Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco UNIVASF (2022).

Marlos Gomes Martins, Federal University of São Francisco Valley

Biologist, Graduated in Biological Sciences/Licenciatura by the State University of Ceará, graduated in Biological Sciences/Baccalaureate by the State University of Ceará, Master in Medical Microbiology by the Federal University of Ceará and PhD in Biotechnology - RENORBIO by the State University of Ceará. He is currently a permanent employee of the Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco. He has experience in the area of Immunology and microbiology.

Carla Maria do Carmo Resende Martins, Federal University of São Francisco Valley

Veterinary Medicine by the Federal University of São Francisco Valley - UNIVASF (2015), specialist in Public Health Management by the Prominas Institute, Master's degree in Veterinary Sciences by the graduate program in Veterinary Sciences in the Semiarid by the Federal University of São Francisco Valley - UNIVASF (2021), doctoral student in Veterinary Sciences by the graduate program in Veterinary Sciences in the Semiarid by the Federal University of São Francisco Valley - UNIVASF (2021). Experience in the area of microbiology.

References

ADIGWE, O. P. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and willingness to pay: Emergent factors from a cross-sectional study in Nigeria. Vaccine: X, [s.l.], v. 9, dez. 2021.

AL-WUTAYD, O.; KHALIL, R.; RAJAR, A. B. Sociodemographic and behavioral predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, [s.l.], v. 14, p. 2.847-2.856, 2021.

ARAÚJO, T. M. E. et al. Aceitação da vacina contra COVID-19 entre público diagnosticado com síndrome gripal. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, [s.l.], v. 34, 2021.

ARCE, J. S. et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries. Nature Medicine, [s.l.], v. 27, n. 8, p. 1.385-1.394, ago. 2021.

AW, J. et al. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy - A scoping review of literature in high- income countries. Vaccines, [s.l.], v. 9, n. 8, p. 900, 2021.

BAGATELI, L. E. et al. Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy among parents of children and adolescents living in brazil. Vaccines, [s.l.], v. 9, n. 10, out. 2021.

BARUA, Z. et al. Effects of misinformation on COVID-19 individual responses and recommendations for resilience of disastrous consequences of misinformation. Progress in Disaster Science, [s.l.], v. 8, dez. 2020.

BONO, S. A. et al. Factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance: an international survey among low-and middle-income countries. Vaccines, [s.l.], v. 9, n. 5, maio 2021.

CASCINI, F. et al. Attitudes, acceptance and hesitancy among the general population worldwide to receive the COVID-19 vaccines and their contributing factors: A systematic review. EClinicalMedicine, [s.l.], v. 40, out. 2021.

COUTO, M. T.; BARBIERI, C. L. A.; DE SOUZA AMORIM MATOS, C. C. Considerations on covid-19 impact on the individual-society relationship: From vaccine hesitancy to the clamor for a vaccine. Saúde e Sociedade, [s.l.], v. 30, n. 1, 2021.

DE SOUZA, L. E. P. F.; BUSS, P. M. Global challenges for equitable access to COVID-19 vaccination. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, [s.l.], v. 37, n. 9, 2021.

DE OLIVEIRA, R. T. et al. A pandemia da Covid-19 e o aumento de vulnerabilidades. Research, Society and Development, [s.l.], v. 10, n. 9, p. e13810918033, 22 jul. 2021.

DINIZ, M. C. et al. Crise Global Coronavírus: monitoramento e impactos. Cadernos de Prospecção, Salvador, v. 13, n. 2, p. 359-377, 2020.

DOMACHOWSKE, J. B.; SURYADEVARA, M. Practical approaches to vaccine hesitancy issues in the United States: 2013. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, [s.l.], v. 9, n. 12, p. 2.654-2.657, 2013.

FIOCRUZ – FUNDAÇÃO OSVALDO CRUZ. A Revolta da Vacina. Rio de Janeiro, 25 abr. 2005. Disponível em: https://portal.fiocruz.br/noticia/revolta-da-vacina-2. Acesso em: 12 maio 2022.

GRECO, A. L. R. et al. Impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 na qualidade de vida, saúde e renda nas famílias com e sem risco socioeconômico: estudo transversal. Research, Society and Development, [s.l.], v. 10, n. 4, p. e29410414094, 11 abr. 2021.

HASHIM, A. Vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan heightens risk of COVID resurgence. Al Jazeera, Doha, 5 mar. 2021. Disponível em: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/5/in- pakistan-vaccine-hesitancy-heightens-risk-of-covid-19-resurge. Acesso em: 20 maio 2022.

KHADAFI, R. et al. Hashtag as a new weapon to resist the COVID-19 vaccination policy: a qualitative study of the anti-vaccine movement in Brazil, USA, and Indonesia. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, [s.l.], v. 18, n. 1, 2022.

LAZARUS, J. V. et al. A global survey of potential acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine. Nature Medicine, [s.l.], v. 27, n. 2, p. 225-228, fev. 2021.

LAZARUS, J. V. et al. Hesitant or Not? The Association of Age, Gender, and Education with Potential Acceptance of a COVID-19 Vaccine: A Country-level Analysis. Journal of Health Communication, [s.l.], v. 25, n. 10, p. 799-807, 2020.

LEUNG, C. Risk factors for predicting mortality in elderly patients with COVID-19: A review of clinical data in China. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, [s.l.], v. 188, p. 111255, 2020.

LIMA, E. J. da F.; FARIA, S. M. de; KFOURI, R. de Á. Reflexões sobre o uso das vacinas para COVID-19 em crianças e adolescentes. Epidemiologia e serviços de saúde: revista do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil, [s.l.], v. 30, n. 4, p. e2021957, 15 dez. 2021.

LIMA-COSTA, M. F.; MACINKO, J.; MAMBRINI, J. V. de M. Hesitação vacinal contra a COVID-19 em amostra nacional de idosos brasileiros: iniciativa ELSI- COVID, março de 2021. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde, [s.l.], v. 31, n. 1, 2022.

MANGLA, S. et al. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and emerging variants: Evidence from six countries. Behavioral Sciences, v. 11, n. 11, nov. 2021.

MEKONNEN, Birye Dessalegn; MENGISTU, Banchigizie Adane. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta- analysis. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, [s.l.], p. 101001, 2022.

METHLEY, Abigail M. et al. PICO, PICOS and SPIDER: a comparison study of specificity and sensitivity in three search tools for qualitative systematic reviews. BMC Health Services Research, [s.l.], v. 14, n. 1, p. 1-10, 2014.

MOHER, D. et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta- analyses: the PRISMA statement. Annals of Internal Medicine, [s.l.], v. 151, n. 4, p. 264-269, 2009.

MONARI, A. C. P. et al. Disputas narrativas e legitimação: análise dos argumentos de Bolsonaro sobre vacinação contra Covid-19 no Twitter. Liinc em Revista, [s.l.], v. 17, n. 1, p. e5707-e5707, 2021.

MOORE, D. C. B. C. et al. Low COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazil. Vaccine, [s.l.], v. 39, n. 42, p. 6.262-6.268, 8 out. 2021.

NERY, N. et al. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and associated factors according to sex: A population-based survey in Salvador, Brazil. PLoS ONE, [s.l.], v. 17, n. 1, jan. 2022.

OLIVEIRA, B. L. C. A. DE. et al. Prevalência e fatores associados à hesitação vacinal contra a covid-19 no Maranhão, Brasil. Revista de Saúde Pública, [s.l.], v. 55, p. 1-12, 2021.

PASCHOALOTTO, M. A. C. et al. Running away from the jab: factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazil. Revista de Saúde Pública, [s.l.], v. 55, 2021.

PATWARY, M. M. et al. COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance among Low-and Lower- Middle-Income Countries: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines, [s.l.], v. 10, n. 3, p. 427, 2022.

PAZELLI, G. S.; CHUDZINSKI-TAVASSI, A. M.; VASCONCELLOS, A. G. Desenvolvimento de vacinas: o potencial do Instituto Butantan na Pandemia de Covid-19. Cadernos de Prospecção, Salvador, v. 15, n. 4, p. 1.041-1.055, 2022.

PECKHAM, H. et al. Male sex identified by global COVID-19 meta-analysis as a risk factor for death and ITU admission. Nature Communications, [s.l.], v. 11, n. 1, 1 dez. 2020.

PITOMBEIRA, D. F.; DE OLIVEIRA, L. C. Poverty and social inequality: Tensions between rights and austerity and its implications for primary healthcare. Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, [s.l.], v. 25, n. 5, p. 1.699-1.708, 2020.

PUNSALAN, M. L. D.; SALUNGA, A. T. Mask is a must: the need of protection and safety against COVID-19. Journal of Public Health, [s.l.], v. 43, n. 2, p. e379-e380, 2021.

REZENDE, R. P. V. et al. Characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A nationwide survey of 1000 patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Vaccine, [s.l.], v. 39, n. 44, p. 6.454-6.459, 22 out. 2021.

ROCHA, H. A. L. et al. Factors associated with non-vaccination against measles in northeastern Brazil: clues about causes of the 2015 outbreak. Vaccine, [s.l.], v. 33, n. 38, p. 4.969-4.974, 2015.

SALLAM, M. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy worldwide: a concise systematic review of vaccine acceptance rates. Vaccines, [s.l.], v. 9, n. 2, p. 160, 2021.

SATO, A. P. S. Qual a importância da hesitação vacinal na queda das coberturas vacinais no Brasil? Revista de Saúde Pública, [s.l.], v. 52, 2018.

SHARMA, G.; VOLGMAN, A. S.; MICHOS, E. D. Sex Differences in Mortality From COVID-19 Pandemic. JACC: Case Reports, [s.l.], v. 2, n. 9, p. 1.407-1.410, jul. 2020.

SOBO, E. J. Theorizing (vaccine) refusal: Through the looking glass. Cultural Anthropology, [s.l.], v. 31, n. 3, p. 342-350, 2016.

SOUSA, J. G. et al. Movimento antivacinação: uma ameaça à humanidade. e-Ciência, [s.l.], v. 7, n. 2, p. 38-39, 2019.

TICONA, J. P. A. et al. Willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine among residents of slum settlements. Vaccines, [s.l.], v. 9, n. 9, set. 2021.

TRADING ECONOMICS. PIB – Lista de Países. 2021. Disponível em: https://pt.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gdp. Acesso em: 2 jun. 2022.

ULLAH, I. et al. Myths and conspiracy theories on vaccines and COVID-19: Potential effect on global vaccine refusals. Vacunas, [s.l.], v. 22, n. 2, p. 93-97, 2021.

WALKER, P. G. T. et al. The impact of COVID-19 and strategies for mitigation and suppression in low-and middle-income countries. Science, [s.l.], v. 369, n. 6.502, p. 413-422, 2020.

WHO – WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. Ten threats to global health in 2019. 2019. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019. Acesso em: 17 maiO 2022.

WHO – WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. Genebra, 11 mar. 2020. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19 11-march-2020. Acesso em: 2 set. 2021.

Downloads

Published

2023-03-15

How to Cite

Leite, E. S. F., Martins, M. G. ., & Martins, C. M. do C. R. (2023). Vaccine Hesitancy and Associated Factors in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil. Cadernos De Prospecção, 16(2), 484–502. https://doi.org/10.9771/cp.v16i2.50880

Issue

Vol. 16 No. 2 (2023): Edição Especial Covid 19 - O Mundo Pós Pandemia

Section

Coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) e COVID-19

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Cadernos de Prospecção

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

O autor declara que: - Todos os autores foram nomeados. - Está submetendo o manuscrito com o consentimento dos outros autores. - Caso o trabalho submetido tiver sido contratado por algum empregador, tem o consentimento do referido empregador. - Os autores estão cientes de que é condição de publicação que os manuscritos submetidos a esta revista não tenham sido publicados anteriormente e não sejam submetidos ou publicados simultaneamente em outro periódico sem prévia autorização do Conselho Editorial. - Os autores concordam que o seu artigo ou parte dele possa ser distribuído e/ou reproduzido por qualquer forma, incluindo traduções, desde que sejam citados de modo completo esta revista e os autores do manuscrito. - Revista Cadernos de Prospecção está licenciado com uma Licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. Esta licença permite que outros remixem, adaptem e criem a partir do seu trabalho para fins não comerciais, e embora os novos trabalhos tenham de lhe atribuir o devido crédito e não possam ser usados para fins comerciais, os usuários não têm de licenciar esses trabalhos derivados sob os mesmos termos. Licença Creative Commons
Este obra está licenciado com uma Licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional.