Paradoxos de Retroalimentação da Pandemia da Covid-19: quebrando o ciclo

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9771/cp.v13i2.36157

Palavras-chave:

Covid-19, Psiconeuroendocrinoimunologia, Manejo do Estresse.

Resumo

O isolamento social associado à pandemia da Coronavirus disease-19 é uma importante estratégia para conter a proliferação do Coronavírus e a preservação dos sistemas de saúde. No entanto, a exposição crônica ao estresse decorrente do isolamento social associado à massiva informação de cunho negativo pode promover alterações no eixo psico-neuro-endócrino-imune e aumentar o risco de morbimortalidade e predisposição à infecção viral. Este artigo apresenta aspectos relacionados à imunopatofisiologia da infecção pelo novo Coronavírus trazendo uma discussão sobre as consequências do estresse causado pelo isolamento social, como mecanismo de feedback positivo e fator de risco para retroalimentar a pandemia da Covid-19. Foram analisados pedidos de patentes de produtos tecnológicos e artigos que trazem abordagens integrativas de redução de estresse, de reforço das vias cerebrais positivas e do sistema imune, no intuito de promover a quebra desse ciclo vicioso. 

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

ADER, R. Psychoneuroimmunology. 4. ed. Massachussets, EUA: Academic Press, 1981. 688p.

ALZAHEM, A. M. et al. Stress management in dental students: a systematic review. Adv. Med. Educ. Pract., [S.l.], v. 5, p. 167-176, 2014.

ARGENTIERI, M. A. et al. Epigenetic Pathways in Human Disease: the Impact of DNA Methylation on Stress-Related Pathogenesis and Current Challenges in Biomarker Development. EBioMedicine, [S.l.], v. 18, p. 327-350, Apr. 2017.

ASSOCIATION, A. P. DSM-5: Manual diagnóstico e estatístico de transtornos mentais. 5. ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2014.

AZEEMI, S. T. Y. et al. The mechanistic basis of chromotherapy: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Complement Ther Med., [S.l.], v. 46, p. 217-222, Oct. 2019.

BASTIAANSEN, J. A.; THIOUX, M.; KEYSERS, C. Evidence for mirror systems in emotions. Philos Trans R. Soc. Lond B. Biol. Sci., [S.l.], v. 364, n. 1.528, p. 2.391-2.404, Aug., 27, 2009.

BONNET, M. H.; ARAND, D. L. Hyperarousal and insomnia: state of the science. Sleep Med Rev., [S.l.], v. 14, n. 1, p. 9-15, Feb. 2010.

BORHANY, T. et al. Musculoskeletal problems in frequent computer and internet users. J Family Med Prim Care, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 2, p. 337-339, Mar.-Apr. 2018.

CACIOPPO, J. T. et al. Social isolation. Ann N. Y. Acad. Sci., [S.l.], v. 1.231, p. 17-22, Aug. 2011.

CARNEY, D. R.; CUDDY, A. J.; YAP, A. J. Power posing: brief nonverbal displays affect neuroendocrine levels and risk tolerance. Psychol Sci., [S.l.], v. 21, n. 10, p. 1.363-1.368, Oct. 2010.

CARNEY, D. R.; HALL, J. A.; LEBEAU, L. S. Beliefs about the nonverbal expression of social power. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, [S.l.], v. 29, n. 2, p. 105-123, June 2005.

CHENG, S. T.; TSUI, P. K.; LAM, J. H. Improving mental health in health care practitioners: randomized controlled trial of a gratitude intervention. J Consult. Clin. Psychol., [S.l.], v. 83, n. 1, p. 177-86, Feb. 2015.

DAVIDSON, R. J. Emotion and Affective Style: Hemispheric Substrates. Psychological Science, [S.l.], v. 3, n. 1, p. 39-43, 1992.

DEMIR DOGAN, M. The Effect of Laughter Therapy on Anxiety: A Meta-analysis. Holist Nurs Pract., [S.l.], v. 34, n. 1, p. 35-39, Jan.-Feb. 2020.

DRAGOS, D.; TANASESCU, M. D. The effect of stress on the defense systems. J Med Life, [S.l.], v. 3, n. 1, p. 10-18, Jan.-Mar. 2010.

EKMAN, P.; FRIESEN, W. V.; O'SULLIVAN, M. Smiles when lying. J Pers. Soc. Psychol., [S.l.], v. 54, n. 3, p. 414-420, Mar. 1988.

GORDON, I. et al. Oxytocin and social motivation. Dev Cogn Neurosci, [S.l.], v. 1, n. 4, p. 471-493, Oct. 2011.

HALL, J. A.; COATS, E. J.; LEBEAU, L. S. Nonverbal behavior and the vertical dimension of social relations: a meta-analysis. Psychol Bull, [S.l.], v. 131, n. 6, p. 898-924, Nov. 2005.

HAWKLEY, L. C.; CACIOPPO, J. T. Loneliness and pathways to disease. Brain Behav Immun, [S.l.], v. 17 Suppl 1, p. S98-105, Feb. 2003.

HAWKLEY, L. C.; PREACHER, K. J.; CACIOPPO, J. T. Loneliness impairs daytime functioning but not sleep duration. Health Psychol, [S.l.], v. 29, n. 2, p. 124-9, Mar. 2010.

HAYAMA, Y.; INOUE, T. The effects of deep breathing on 'tension-anxiety' and fatigue in cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. Complement Ther Clin Pract, [S.l.], v. 18, n. 2, p. 94-8, May, 2012.

HEINRICHS, M.; VON DAWANS, B.; DOMES, G. Oxytocin, vasopressin, and human social behavior. Front Neuroendocrinol, [S.l.], v. 30, n. 4, p. 548-557, Oct. 2009.

HENNING, M. et al. A Potential Role for mu-Opioids in Mediating the Positive Effects of Gratitude. Front Psychol, [S.l.], v. 8, p. 868, 2017.

HERBERT, J. Cortisol and depression: three questions for psychiatry. Psychol Med., [S.l.], v. 43, n. 3, p. 449-69, Mar. 2013.

HOUSEHAM, A. M. et al. The Effects of Stress and Meditation on the Immune System, Human Microbiota, and Epigenetics. Adv Mind Body Med, [S.l.], v. 31, n. 4, p. 10-25, Fall, 2017.

HUANG, C. et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet, [S.l.], v. 395, n. 10.223, p. 497-506, Feb., 15, 2020.

HUANG, H. J. et al. Long-term social isolation exacerbates the impairment of spatial working memory in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Brain Res, [S.l.], v. 1.371, p. 150-60, Jan., 31, 2011.

HUANG, L. et al. Powerful postures versus powerful roles: which is the proximate correlate of thought and behavior? Psychol Sci, [S.l.], v. 22, n. 1, p. 95-102, Jan. 2011.

JOHNSON, T. V.; ABBASI, A.; MASTER, V. A. Systematic review of the evidence of a relationship between chronic psychosocial stress and C-reactive protein. Mol Diagn Ther, [S.l.], v. 17, n. 3, p. 147-64, Jun. 2013.

KHALSA, M. K. et al. Yoga-enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy (Y-CBT) for anxiety management: a pilot study. Clin Psychol Psychother, [S.l.], v. 22, n. 4, p. 364-371, Jul.-Aug. 2015.

KIECOLT-GLASER, J. K. et al. Psychoneuroimmunology and psychosomatic medicine: back to the future. Psychosom Med, [S.l.], v. 64, n. 1, p. 15-28, Jan.-Feb. 2002.

KRAFT, T. L.; PRESSMAN, S. D. Grin and bear it: the influence of manipulated facial expression on the stress response. Psychol Sci, [S.l.], v. 23, n. 11, p. 1.372-1.378, 2012.

LU, R. et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet, v. 395, n. 10.224, p. 565-574, Feb., 22, 2020.

MAGNI, F.; MUCCHI, L.; TRIPPI, F. A system for detecting the quality of sleep of a user: WO2017103903 A1, 22 jun. 2017. Disponível em https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/055642710/publication/WO2017103903A1?q=WO2017103903. Acesso em: 31 mar. 2020.

MCEWEN, B. S. et al. The role of adrenocorticoids as modulators of immune function in health and disease: neural, endocrine and immune interactions. Brain Res Brain Res Rev, [S.l.], v. 23, n. 1-2, p. 79-133, Feb. 1997.

NICOL, G. E. et al. Action at a Distance: Geriatric Research during a Pandemic. J Am. Geriatr. Soc., [S.l.], Mar., 24, 2020.

OMS – ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DA SAÚDE. Constituição da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Documentos Básicos: suplemento da 45. edição, outubro de 2006. Disponível em espanhol em: https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_sp.pdf. Acesso em: 31 mar. 2020.

PARIANTE, C. M. Why are depressed patients inflamed? A reflection on 20 years of research on depression, glucocorticoid resistance and inflammation. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, [S.l.], v. 27, n. 6, p. 554-559, Jun. 2017.

PAUL, G.; ELAM, B.; VERHULST, S. J. A longitudinal study of students' perceptions of using deep breathing meditation to reduce testing stresses. Teach Learn Med., [S.l.], v. 19, n. 3, p. 287-92, Summer 2007.

PERCIAVALLE, V. et al. The role of deep breathing on stress. Neurol Sci., [S.l.], v. 38, n. 3, p. 451-458, Mar. 2017.

PERISSINOTTO, C. et al. A Practical Approach to Assessing and Mitigating Loneliness and Isolation in Older Adults. J Am. Geriatr. Soc., [S.l.], v. 67, n. 4, p. 657-662, Apr. 2019.

PROMPETCHARA, E.; KETLOY, C.; PALAGA, T. Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol, [S.l.], v. 38, n. 1, p. 1-9, Mar. 2020.

QUESTEL ORBIT. [Base de dados – Internet]. Questel Orbit Inteligence. 2020. Disponível em: https://www.orbit.com. Acesso em: 31 mar. 2020.

RAO, N.; KEMPER, K. J. Online Training in Specific Meditation Practices Improves Gratitude, Well-Being, Self-Compassion, and Confidence in Providing Compassionate Care Among Health Professionals. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med., [S.l.], v. 22, n. 2, p. 237-241, Apr. 2017.

REED, P. et al. Problematic Internet Usage and Immune Function. PLoS One, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 8, p. e0134538, 2015.

RIEMANN, D. Hyperarousal and insomnia: state of the science. Sleep Med. Ver., [S.l.], v. 14, n. 1, p. 17, Feb. 2010.

SAKAI, Y. et al. A trial of improvement of immunity in cancer patients by laughter therapy. Jpn Hosp., [S.l.], n. 32, p. 53-9, Jul. 2013.

SAMSUNG HEAVY INDUSTRIES et al. Healthcare sensibility lighting system providing a sensibility illumination environment based on a healthcare lighting service on a home network: KR20080097560, 11 jun. 2008. Disponível em: https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/040285339/publication/KR20080097560A?q=KR20080097560. Acesso em: 31 mar. 2020.

SANSONE, R. A.; SANSONE, L. A. Gratitude and well being: the benefits of appreciation. Psychiatry (Edgmont), [S.l.], v. 7, n. 11, p. 18-22, Nov. 2010.

SANTINI, Z. I. et al. Social disconnectedness, perceived isolation, and symptoms of depression and anxiety among older Americans (NSHAP): a longitudinal mediation analysis. Lancet Public Health, [S.l.], v. 5, n. 1, p. e62-e70, Jan. 2020.

SCAPLEN, K. M.; KAUN, K. R. Reward from bugs to bipeds: a comparative approach to understanding how reward circuits function. J Neurogenet, [S.l.], v. 30, n. 2, p. 133-148, Jun. 2016.

SENGUPTA, P. Health Impacts of Yoga and Pranayama: A State-of-the-Art Review. Int J Prev Med, [S.l.], v. 3, n. 7, p. 444-458, Jul. 2012.

SON, H. K.; SO, W. Y.; KIM, M. Effects of Aromatherapy Combined with Music Therapy on Anxiety, Stress, and Fundamental Nursing Skills in Nursing Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health, [S.l.], v. 16, n. 21, Oct., 29, 2019.

STRANGMAN, G. E.; SIPES, W.; BEVEN, G. Human cognitive performance in spaceflight and analogue environments. Aviat Space Environ Med, [S.l.], v. 85, n. 10, p. 1.033-1.048, Oct. 2014.

TAAMS, L. S. Neuroimmune interactions: how the nervous and immune systems influence each other. Clin Exp Immunol, [S.l.], v. 197, n. 3, p. 276-277, Sep. 2019.

VCD INOVATION. Errera Jean Patrick, Massaging socks, knee-socks and tights; EP1028688 A1, 23 ago. 2000. Disponível em https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/026233914/publication/EP1028688A1?q=EP1028688%20A1. Acesso em: 31 mar. 2020.

WEBER, J. et al. Neurophysiological, neuropsychological, and cognitive effects of 30 days of isolation. Exp Brain Res, [S.l.], v. 237, n. 6, p. 1.563-1.573, Jun. 2019.

XU, Z. et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med, [S.l.], Feb., 18, 2020.

YU, H. et al. Decomposing Gratitude: Representation and Integration of Cognitive Antecedents of Gratitude in the Brain. J Neurosci, [S.l.], v. 38, n. 21, p. 4.886-4.898, May, 23, 2018.

ZU, Z. Y. et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a perspective from China. Radiology, [S.l.], p. 200-490, Feb., 21, 2020.

Downloads

Publicado

2020-04-16

Como Citar

Sartório, C. L., Juiz, P. J. L., Rodrigues, L. C. de M., & Álvares-da-Silva, A. M. (2020). Paradoxos de Retroalimentação da Pandemia da Covid-19: quebrando o ciclo. Cadernos De Prospecção, 13(2), 425. https://doi.org/10.9771/cp.v13i2.36157

Edição

Seção

Coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) e COVID-19