Biomaterials for bone regeneration – Methods of analyses and future perspectives

Abstract

The main objective of Tissue Engineering is to create and improve therapies and/or develop new biomaterials that restore, maintain or improve the tissue’s function. It may be applied when extensive defects caused by traumas, development deformities or illness are present. Many bone grafts have been developed. They may come from natural or synthetic origin, as polymers, ceramics and metals, or composites derived from these materials. To prove the efficacy of these biomaterials, in vivo tests may be applied like biopsies and electron microscopy, which may be an adequate manner of visualizing the cells involved in tissue regeneration. The purpose of this article consists in making literature review about the main biomaterials applied in the bone’s regeneration, the electron microscopy’s contributions and the future perspectives in this field.