ANÁLISE ESPACIAL E TENDÊNCIA DA MORTALIDADE MATERNA POR INFECÇÃO PUERPERAL NO BRASIL, 2014 A 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Maternal mortality due to puerperal infection is a serious and largely preventable complication, identified as a significant cause of maternal deaths in Brazil. Spatial and temporal analysis is essential to identify distribution patterns and plan interventions. Objective: To analyze the temporal trend and spatial pattern of maternal mortality due to puerperal infection in Brazil from 2014 to 2023. Methodology: A retrospective ecological study using temporal and spatial analyses, applying the joinpoint method to assess changes in trends, and geospatial statistics, with Bayesian smoothing of rates and Moran's spatial autocorrelation to identify risk clusters. Results: A total of 586 maternal deaths due to puerperal infection were recorded in Brazil during the study period, with a higher concentration in the North and Northeast regions. A decreasing trend was observed until 2020, followed by a slight increase between 2020 and 2023. Spatial analysis revealed high-risk clusters in Amazonas and Pará. Conclusion: Maternal mortality due to puerperal infection exhibited heterogeneous patterns in Brazil, underscoring the need for targeted interventions in regions with higher concentrations of deaths to prevent avoidable fatalities.