Evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity and ex-vivo genotoxicity in compounds from Pavonia glazioviana Gürke brazilian species of the Malvaceae sensu lato family

Abstract

Introduction: Alternative therapies using medicinal plants and herbal medicines are quite common in Brazil. Among several Brazilian plant species used in therapies, the species of the Malvaceae family stand out. Objetctives: The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity and ex-vivo genotoxicity in compounds of the Brazilian Pavonia glazioviana Gürke belonging to the Malvaceae family. Methodology: In vitro methods were used to verify the cytotoxic potential through hemolytic and antihemolytic assays and the ex-vivo genotoxic analysis. The Crude Etanolic Extract (CEE) and Cloroformic Fraction (CF) was obtained in vegetal sample used on this study. Results: The CEE-Pg and CF-Pg products only showed a low cytotoxic effect at the concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/mL. The exposure to the concentrations of 500 and 1000 µg/mL showed a high to moderate hemolytic index with lysis higher than 60%. A moderate anti-hemolytic effect was described in all samples treated with 500 and 1000 µg/mL, with hemolysis <60%. In addition, the compounds showed low ex-vivo genotoxic effect with a general index of normal cells greater than 84% at all concentrations. Conclusion: The results suggest a low toxic profile of the compounds obtained from the Pavonia glazioviana Gürke species belonging to the Malvaceae family, indicating safe limits for the use of these natural products.