Bioeconomic evaluation of supplementation strategies of zebuine steers grazing on stockpilled palisade grass in the dry season

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate different supplementation strategies on supplement intake, behavior, and performance of beef steers grazing stockpiled palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) pastures. There was used a completely randomized design trial to test five supplementation strategies: commercial mineral (SM), mineral plus25% of urea (SP), and three multimixtures (45.5% TDN) with 10% (MM10), 15% (MM 15), or 20% (MM20) of urea. Twenty zebuine steers weighting 300±24.9 kg of initial body weight, being four animals per treatment, were raised on five paddocks of 3.4 hectares under weekly rotation, from July to October of 2010. Data were submitted to ANOVA, using Tukey′s test to compare average values (P ≤ 0.05); however, economic analysis determined the best strategy. Supplementation did not affect the grazing or rumination/resting time (P > 0.05). The intake of supplements was affected (P < 0.05) by supplementation strategy, being 106, 196, 852, 666, and 400 g/day for SM, SP, MM10, MM15, and MM20, respectively. SM resulted in losing weight (-137 g/animal/day). Using SP practically maintained the cattle weight. However, if gains are desired, multimixtures should be used (P < 0.05). In those cases, daily weight gain reached 324 g/animal (MM10). Based on economic analysis, the best strategy was MM20, followed by MM10.