Polymorphism in cytokines associated with the periodontal inflammatory process

Abstract

The aim of this study was to make a review of literature about polymorphism in cytokine associated with the periodontal inflammatory process and how this genetic factor may be associated with development of periodontal destructive disease. Studies about some citokines include: tumor necrosis factor - alpha (TNF-α ), interleukin -1 - alpha (IL-1α ), beta (IL- 1β ) ou IL-1 antagonist receptor (IL-1RA), IL-2, IL-4 ,IL- 6, IL-10, IL-16 e IL-18. This review make possible conclusions that: 1- in some citokines like: IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, the results have variation in relationship of polymorphic gene and periodontitis development; 2- some polymorphic genes, as IL-16 e IL-18 do not have relation with periodontitis; 3- there is a relevant emphasis of the relationship with ethnic and racial groups; 4- the genotype for IL-1B is associated with the risk for severe periodontitis on diabetic population, but the results are conflicted when smoking is considered.